1.Imboni Uhlolojikelele
Igalaji elihlakaniphile lisho indawo yokupaka yesimanje ehlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokuzenzakalela, ukwaziswa, kanye nobuhlakani ukuze kufezwe imisebenzi efana nokufinyelela imoto okuzenzakalelayo, ukwabiwa kwendawo yokupaka ehlakaniphile, nokuphathwa kokuphepha kwemoto. Ngokusheshisa ukukhula kwedolobha kanye nokukhula okuqhubekayo kobunikazi bezimoto, inkinga yobunzima bokupaka iyanda kakhulu. Amagaraji ahlakaniphile, anezici zawo ezisebenzayo, ezikahle, neziphephile, asephenduke indlela ebalulekile yokuxazulula izinkinga zokupaka zasemadolobheni. Igalaji elihlakaniphile alimeleli nje kuphela ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe bokupaka izimoto, kodwa futhi liwukubonakaliswa okubalulekile kobuhlakani bokuphathwa kokupaka izimoto zanamuhla.
Izici zomkhakha:
Isebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kakhulu: Igalaji elihlakaniphile lamukela ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokuzenzakalela ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okuzenzakalelayo kokufinyelela imoto, ukwabiwa kwendawo yokupaka, nezinye izinqubo, ukuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokupaka.
Ukuphatha okuhlakaniphile: Ngohlelo lokuphatha oluhlakaniphile, imininingwane yemoto igadwa ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yokupaka kungahlaziywa ngezibalo ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngezinsizakalo zokupaka ezilula neziphephile kubanikazi bezimoto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lokuphatha oluhlakaniphile lungakwazi ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokupaka ngokuhlaziywa kwedatha futhi luthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwendawo yokupaka.
Ukusetshenziswa kwendawo ephezulu: Amagaraji ahlakaniphile ngokuvamile asebenzisa isakhiwo sokupaka esinezinhlangothi ezintathu, esingasebenzisa ngokugcwele izinsiza zasemkhathini, songe ngempumelelo izinsiza zomhlaba, futhi sinciphise ukushoda kwendawo yasemadolobheni.
Ukongiwa kwamandla kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo: Amagaraji ahlakaniphile anaka ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokongiwa kwamandla ohlelweni lokuklama nokwakha, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wendawo ngokuklama okonga amandla.
Amagaraji ahlakaniphile angahlukaniswa kakhulu abe yizigaba ezilandelayo ngokuya ngezimo zohlelo lokusebenza nezici zobuchwepheshe:
Igalaji lokupaka elihlakaniphile lezindawo zokupaka zomphakathi: ikakhulukazi ukusebenzela izindawo zomphakathi zasemadolobheni njengezifunda zezentengiselwano, izibhedlela, izikole, njll., elinomthamo omkhulu wokupaka kanye namandla okwenza inzuzo ezimoto.
Izakhiwo zokupaka ezentengiselwano: Eziqondiswe ezikhungweni zezentengiselwano, izikhungo zezitolo, nezinye izindawo, kuhlanganiswe nezici zemisebenzi yezentengiselwano, izixazululo zokupaka ezihlakaniphile zinikezwa ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwabasebenzisi kanye nokukhanga kwenxanxathela yezitolo.
Igalaji lokupaka elihlakaniphile ezindaweni zokuhlala: ukukhonza imiphakathi yokuhlala, ukuxazulula inkinga yokupaka okunzima kwabahlali, nokuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila.
Imishini yokupaka ye-stereoscopic: kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene njengokujikeleza okuqondile, ukunyakaza kokuphakamisa nokuslayida, nokunyakaza okuyisicaba, kulungele amasayithi ahlukene kanye nezidingo zokupaka.
2.Isimo semakethe
Njengamanje, imboni yamagaraji yaseChina isesigabeni sokuthuthuka ngokushesha. Izidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha ahlakaniphile ziye zaqhuba ukwakhiwa kwezinto zokuhamba ezihlakaniphile. Njengengxenye ebalulekile yezokuthutha ezihlakaniphile, ukwakhiwa kwamagaraji ahlakaniphile sekuthole ukunakwa nokubaluleka okubanzi. Inani lamagaraji ahlakaniphile e-China selifinyelele esikalini esithile futhi libonisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo. Lawa magaraji ahlakaniphile awagcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokupaka ezilula futhi eziphumelelayo kubahlali basemadolobheni, kodwa futhi anikeze ukusekelwa okuqinile kokuphathwa kwethrafikhi yasemadolobheni.
Ngokombiko othi “Ukuhlaziywa Kwesimo Samanje kanye Nokutshalwa Kwezimali Kwemakethe Yegaraji Ehlakaniphile YaseChina kusukela ngo-2024 kuya ku-2030” umbiko, umfutho wokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yasegaraji ehlakaniphile yaseChina unamandla, ukhula usuka ku-* * billion yuan ngo-2014 uya ku-* * billion yuan ngo-2023, nokubikezelwa okuphawulekayo lokho ku-20 kuya ku-3 20. Imakethe yokupaka ehlakaniphile izokhula ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe (CAGR) esingaphezu kuka-15%, futhi ngo-2030, usayizi wemakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele amashumi ezigidigidi zama-yuan.
Izinto ezibangela ukukhula kosayizi wemakethe:
Ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo: Ukugqugquzelwa okuqinile kukahulumeni kokwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda yasemadolobheni kanye nokwakhiwa kwedolobha elihlakaniphile, kanye nesimo senqubomgomo esikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezintsha, kunikeza isizinda semakethe esihle sokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokupaka ezihlakaniphile ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu.
Inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe: Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obufana ne-inthanethi Yezinto, ukuhlaziya idatha enkulu, nobuhlakani bokwenziwa kuthuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle nokuba lula kwezinhlelo zokupaka ezihlakaniphile, kudonse ukunaka kwabasebenzisi abaningi kanye nabatshalizimali.
Ukukhula kwesidingo: Ukushesha kokufudukela emadolobheni kuholele ekwenyukeni kokungqubuzana kwesidingo sokuhlinzekwa kwezidingo ezindaweni zokupaka, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni asezingeni lokuqala nasezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, lapho isidingo sezindawo zokupaka ezihlakaniphile ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu sikhombisa ukukhula okuqhumayo.
Ukuhlaziywa kochungechunge lwemboni:
Isakhiwo sochungechunge lwemboni yegalaji siphelele uma kuqhathaniswa, okuhlanganisa abahlinzeki abakhuphuka nomfula bezinzwa nemishini yokudlulisa ulwazi, abakhiqizi abaphakathi nendawo nabadidiyeli bemishini yegalaji ehlakaniphile, nabasebenzisi bokugcina abazansi nomfula njengemiphakathi yokuhlala, izikhungo zezohwebo, izindawo zokupaka zomphakathi, njll.
Imboni ekhuphuka nomfula: ikakhulukazi eyakhiwe abahlinzeki bempahla yegalaji abahlakaniphile nabaphakeli bezingxenye, laba bahlinzeki bahlinzeka ngezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezidingekayo nokusekelwa kwesofthiwe yamagaraji ahlakaniphile. Imishini yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ihlanganisa amasango ezivimbi ezihlakaniphile, iziteshi zokushaja ezihlakaniphile, i-ETC imishini yokukhokha ngaphandle kokuthinta, imishini yokukhipha amakhadi ezenzakalelayo, izitholi zezimoto ze-geomagnetic, amakhamera anencazelo ephezulu, amakhamera aqaphela amapuleti elayisensi, njll; Amadivayisi esofthiwe afaka izinkundla zekhompuyutha yamafu, izinkundla zesitoreji, ukucutshungulwa kolwazi, nokuhlaziywa kwedatha.
Imboni ye-Midstream: Njengomnyombo wochungechunge lwemboni yegalaji ehlakaniphile, ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa abahlanganisi besistimu yegalaji abahlakaniphile nabahlinzeki bezixazululo. Lawa mabhizinisi ahlanganisa amadivaysi egalaji ahlakaniphile ahlukahlukene ukuze enze uhlelo oluphelele lwegalaji oluhlakaniphile futhi anikeze izixazululo ezihambisanayo. Amabhizinisi ase-Midstream awagcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngemishini yehadiwe, kodwa futhi anesibopho sokufakwa kwesistimu, ukulungisa iphutha, kanye nezinsizakalo zokusebenza ezilandelayo.
Izimboni ezansi nomfula ikakhulukazi zifaka izinhlobo ezintathu zabasebenzisi: uhulumeni, abaqhubi bezindawo zokupaka, nabanikazi bezimoto. Uhulumeni udinga izixazululo ezihlakaniphile zokupaka ukuze asebenzise ngokugcwele ukwabiwa kwezinsiza zokupaka zasemadolobheni futhi athuthukise izinga lokuphathwa kwamadolobha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-07-2025